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Unique Land Parcel Identification Number (ULPIN): India’s Digital ‘Aadhaar’ For Land

Komal Bajpai

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Updated: 23-07-2025 at 3:33 PM

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Land records in India have long suffered from fragmentation, outdated processes, and pervasive disputes. The Unique Land Parcel Identification Number (ULPIN) initiative, under the Digital India Land Records Modernisation Programme (DILRMP), assigns a unique, geo-tagged ID to each parcel. It will help integrate records and allow for the speedy exercise of land-related services.

In this article, you will get the detailed information about the Unique Land Parcel Identification Number, ULPIN registration online, how to get a ULPIN number and much more.

Overview

Before we go further into the scheme, we must understand its key elements and fundamentals. The table below summarises the ULPIN Online, including its purpose, year of inception, coverage and implementing agencies:

Aspect	Details
Full Form	Unique Land Parcel Identification Number (ULPIN)
Identifier	14-digit code tied to parcel geo-coordinates
Administered By	Department of Land Resources & NIC under DILRMP
Goal	To centralise parcel records and improve access
Coverage	Active across 29+ states and Union Territories

What Is the ULPIN Scheme?

You must wantto know how to get a ULPIN number, but before you jump into the application part, let’s first understand what a ULPIN number is. The ULPIN issues a unique, 14-digit identifier to each parcel of land using cadastral and satellite information that maintains a digital trail, linking records, maps, ownership, and transactions. It’s the Aadhaar for land. Everything is digital, centralised, and secure.

Objectives

India's land ownership system has not only been opaque but also inconsistent for a long time. The ULPIN Online scheme aims to address these issues with the following objectives:

Digitally identify all land parcels with a unique identifier.
Integrate the spatial maps with textual land records.
Establish a single portal to offer citizens and authorities all land-based services.

Also Read: When Can A Daughter Not Claim Her Father's Property?

What Are The Benefits Of ULPIN?

The ULPIN helps landowners, government departments, and financial institutions in the following ways:

Transparency and trust in land records through reduced fraud with a unique identifier.
Efficiency in the transaction process through speedier registrations, transfers, and loan approvals.
Dispute resolution is made simpler with geo-mapped boundaries guiding the legal assessment.
Integrated service provision for land management amongst disparate levels of government.

Digital India Land Record Modernisation Programme

ULPIN has managed to integrate survey, registration, and RoR systems with digitisation as part of DILRMP. The DILRMP has spent over ₹950 crore in the past 15 years on digitally transforming land records to help build capacity for local registries, with nearly 90% of India’s parcels covered by the programme across the different states.

Challenges of Unique Land Parcel Identification Number

Although ULPIN online is a very progressive initiative, its implementation on the ground will face many challenges. The issues below highlight practical challenges that will be faced in India when transitioning to a digital system.

Implementation Problems: Lack of internet connectivity in rural India will impact access.
Aadhaar Integration: Inconsistency in biometric matching will complicate linking.
Forestland Conflicts: Geo-tagging and tribal land tenure overlapping will result in contradictions.
Continuity of Rights: New IDs will supersede customary and ancestral rights.

Also Read: What To Know About The New Bill Concerning Online Property Registration?

Other Government Initiatives for Digitisation of Land Documents

ULPIN is just a part of the larger digital evolution of land management in India. These are some key government schemes that expand or align with ULPIN's objectives in various states across India. To move this initiative forward, a range of schemes will support ULPIN:

SVAMITVA Scheme: Measures rural landholding in over 6.62 lakh villages.
NGDRS: Digitises documentation and registers land title deeds, registering over 1 crore deeds per year.
Project Bhoomi: Karnataka's first digital land records project that monitored documents in over 600 taluks.
7/12 Extract Linkage: Improved usability in sharing and linking land records.

The Reality of Land Disputes in India

Land disputes account for approximately 60% of civil disputes in India. Significant time will be saved all around as accurate mapping with ULPIN provides clarity, ensuring legal ambiguity is reduced more than handing over a land title will allow. Hence, it will also catalyse an increase in confidence for investors to enter the real estate market.

Conclusion

In ULPIN, the nation of India has taken an unprecedented step forward in land governance. The scheme has allowed for unique centralised identifiers (UID) and improves parcellations for the commercial use of land with the confidence of an interconnected system that could reduce ambiguity, uncertainty, disputes, and increase ease of access.

Although there will be ongoing challenges, especially with equity and digital connectivity, it is easy to see that the advantages outweigh the risks of such a large operational system, and the potential improvements (e.g. using blockchain technology in the future) will have historic ramifications for this system in the future.

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